Optimization of LPG Distribution Using the Saving Matrix and Nearest Neighbor Methods

Fairuz Naila Qosammah; Ismail Husein

doi:10.56427/jcbd.v5i2.1010

Authors

Fairuz Naila Qosammah Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara
Ismail Husein Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56427/jcbd.v5i2.1010

Keywords:

Saving Matrix, Nearest Neighbour, Optimization, Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG)

Abstract

The distribution of 3 kg LPG cylinders at UD. Tri Surya Efendi is currently conducted conventionally, without structured route planning, leading to fuel wastage, longer travel distances, and high operational costs. This research aims to determine the optimal distribution route by applying the Saving Matrix and Nearest Neighbor methods for 26 regular customers in the Helvetia–Marelan area with a total daily demand of 100 cylinders. Prior to optimization, customers were segmented into three geographic zones, and the distances between the depot and customer locations were obtained using Google Maps. The Saving Matrix method produced three routes spanning 28.06 km at a daily cost of Rp14,300, reducing operational costs by 64.25% compared to the initial Rp40,000. The Nearest Neighbor method produced four routes spanning 30.26 km at Rp15,130, reducing costs by 62.18%. The results show that the Saving Matrix method is more efficient in minimizing travel distance and distribution costs. This study contributes an empirical comparison of both methods in the context of small-scale LPG distribution with prior geographic zone segmentation, a procedure rarely documented in existing literature, and offers a practical reference for improving local distribution efficiency.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

[1] S. A. Ghoni, Rute Distribusi. Purbalingga: CV.EUREKA MEDIA AKSARA, 2021. [Online]. Available: https://repository.penerbiteureka.com/media/publications/604115-rute-distribusi-782d22dd.pdf

[2] J. Apryani, M. H. Tahili, and S. Haris, “Implementasi Kebijakan Pendistribusian Liquified Petroleum Gas ( LPG ) 3 Kilogram di Kecamatan Palu Barat Kota Palu,” SENTRI J. Ris. Ilm., vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 2103–2115, 2026, [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.55681/sentri.v5i2.5610

[3] E. S. Agustina et al., Manajemen Distribusi. Batam: Yayasan Cendikia Mulia Mandiri, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://repository.bsi.ac.id/download-link/0f806bc7-5b05-450a-846a-7aa3e8fbf5c3

[4] S. Bahri, Teori Pengoptimumn. Mataram: Reposity Universitas Mataram, 2017. [Online]. Available: https://id.scribd.com/document/615607413/Syamsul-Bahri-Teori-Pengoptimuman

[5] N. Aulia, R. M. Prihandini, and A. B. Agatha, “Graph Theory : Applications of Graph Theory in Delivery Systems”, [Online]. Available: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/ 381490568_Graph_Theory_Applications_of_Graph_Theory_in_Delivery_Systems

[6] S. Rahayuningsih, Teori Graph dan Penerapannya. Malang: Universitas Wisnuwardhana Press Malang, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://srirahayuningsih82.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/buku-ajar-teori-graph.pdf

[7] D. C. N. Apriyani, BAHAN AJAR MATEMATIKA DISKRET. Pacitan: LPPM Press STKIP PGRI Pacitan, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://lppm.stkippacitan.ac.id/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/BUKU-MATDIS-2024.pdf

[8] R. Wijayanti, “Optimalisasi Rute Distribusi Untuk Meminimalkan Biaya Pengiriman dengan Metode Saving matrix dan Algoritma Nearest Neighbour di PT. XYZ,” Sci. J. Ind. Eng., vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 60–66, 2022, doi: 10.30998/.v3i2.6989.

[9] K. Dwijayanti and N. S. Rosyadziba, “Analysis of Determining the Optimal Route for 3 kg LPG Gas Distribution Using the Saving Matrix and Nearest Neighbor Methods ( Case Study at PT . Rariza Putra ),” Proc. 3rd Asia Pacific Int. Conf. Ind. Eng. Oper. Manag., pp. 2954–2964, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.46254/AP03.20220503.

[10] S. L. Mahmud, N. Achmad, and M. Malango, “PENENTUAN RUTE PENDISTRIBUSIAN GAS LPG 3 KG MENGGUNAKAN METODE SAVING MATRIKS ( studi kasus : Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Selatan ),” J. Ris. dan Apl. Mat., vol. 06, no. 01, pp. 40–62, 2022, [Online]. Available: https://share.google/vsZj89RanyPC3Kkt9

[11] N. Zahara and R. Vikaliana, “Optimalisasi Rute Truk dalam Proses Pendistribusian Produk Biskuit dan Snack dengan Algoritma Nearest Neihbour dan Neirest Insertion: Studi Kasus PT Siantar Top Tbk. Medan,” J. Civronlit Unbari, vol. 8, no. April, pp. 1–16, 2023, doi: 10.33087/civronlit.v8i1.105.

[12] P. S. Novella, “Penentuan Rute Terbaik dalam Distribusi Obat pada Gudang potek XYZ Menggunakan Metode Saving Matrix dan Metode Nearest Neighbor dan Simulasi Arena,” Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://repository.uin-suska.ac.id/81405/1/LAPORAN TA TANPA BAB 1236 PUTRI SRI N.pdf

[13] O. Wijaya, “PENENTUAN RUTE DISTRIBUSI GAS LPG 3 KG DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE SAVING MATRIX ( STUDI PT CAROLINEE PUTRI ANWAR LUBUKLINGGAU ),” Manag. Insight J. Ilm. Manaj., vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 11–19, 2024, doi: 10.33369/insight.19.2.11-19.

[14] K. D. Aprilliani, “PENENTUAN RUTE BARU DISTRIBUSI SPARE PART DI PT . BOSOWA BERLIAN MOTOR DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE SAVING MATRIX Disusun dan diajukan oleh KHANDY DILSAB APRILLIANI PENENTUAN RUTE BARU DISTRIBUSI SPARE PART DI PT . BOSOWA BERLIAN MOTOR DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MET,” Universitas Hasanuddin, 2021. [Online]. Available: https://repository.unhas.ac.id/id/eprint/5383/2/H011171522_skripsi 1-2.pdf

[15] F. Armanda, R. F. Sari, and M. D. Garba, “Optimization of Liquid Petroleum Gas ( LPG ) Cylinder Distribution Route with the Saving Matrix Method,” Numer. J. Mat. dan Pendidik. Mat., vol. 7, pp. 99–110, 2023, doi: https://doi.org/10.25217/numerical.v7i1.

[16] W. A. F. B and S. Rosnafi, “Product Distribution Route using Nearest Neighbor Algorithm Rute Pendistribusian Barang dengan Algoritma Nearest Neighbor,” MALCOM Indones. J. Mach. Learn. Comput. Sci., vol. 4, no. July, pp. 894–900, 2024, doi: https://doi.org/10.57152/malcom.v4i3.1355.

[17] K. A. Maulana and A. Emaputra, “Penentuan Jalur Distribusi Gas LPG dengan Metode Savings Matrix dan Nearest,” J. Rekayasa Ind., pp. 94–103, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.37631/jri.v4i2.634.

[18] A. Sayekti and Suseno, “Analisis Rute Distribusi Produk Menggunakan Metode Saving Matrix Dan Nearest Neighbor,” Teknik, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 25–36, 2024, doi: 10.5537/cosmic.